Math Functions

In C programming, we can perform various mathematical operations using built-in functions from the standard math library "math.h".

Overview of Math Functions in C language:

Standard Library: Math functions are part of the standard C library , we can include the header file to get access to the Math function.
Common Operations: Math functions include operations like square roots, powers, logarithms, trigonometric functions, and rounding functions.
Floating-point Arithmetic: Most math functions operate on floating-point numbers (float or double), although some functions also support integer operations.

Here are some commonly used math functions:

fabs(num):

Absolute Value Function. Returns the absolute value of num.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
    double number = -10.10;
    double result = fabs(number);
    printf("Absolute value of %lf is %lf\n", number, result);
    return 0;
}

Output:

Absolute value of -10.100000 is 10.100000

ceil(num) and floor(num):

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
    double number = 10.4;
    double ceil_result = ceil(number);
    double floor_result = floor(number);

    printf("Ceiling of %lf is %lf\n", number, ceil_result);
    printf("Floor of %lf is %lf\n", number, floor_result);
    return 0;
}

Ceiling and Floor Functions:
ceil(num): returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to "num".
floor(num): returns the largest integer less than or equal to "num".

Output:

Ceiling of 10.400000 is 11.000000
Floor of 10.400000 is 10.000000

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
    int base = 2;
    int exponent = 4;
    int result = pow(base, exponent);
    printf("%d raised to the power of %d is %d\n", base, exponent, result);
    return 0;
}

pow(num1, num2):

Power Function: Returns "num1" raised to the power of "num2".

Output:

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main() {
    int number = 16;
    double result = sqrt(number);
    printf("Square root of %d is %lf\n", number, result);
    return 0;
}

Example:

2 raised to the power of 4 is 16

sqrt(num):

Square Root Function: Returns the square root of "num".

Output:

Square root of 16 is 4.000000

Note: The "math.h" library provides many more functions for various mathematical operations.

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